Abstract

AbstractSterile Insect Technique (SIT) is a vector control method which safe to the environment and directed to specific target. The resistance vector against insecticide encourage the aplication of TSM in an effort to reduce the mosquito population. Indicators and parameters of the population can be determined by the percentage of eggs sterility. Sterile egg is an egg that does not contain an embryo and usually called barren egg and does not hatch. The aim of the study was to determine the effect of application SIT on increasing eggs sterility followed by reducing Ae. aegypti population. The study had been carried out in the residential area of Salatiga in 2012, Central Java. Sterile males Ae. aegypti were performed five times, once a week. A number of 45 Ae. aegypti sterile males were released in each target house. Males Ae. aegypti were irradiated using cobalt-60 gamma rays (70 Gy) and was done in BATAN Jakarta. Parameters measured were sterility of eggs collected indoors and outdoors of the target houses before and after the aplication of SIT using egg traps (ovitrap).Results showed that the sterility of eggs produced outdoor before application in the treatment area was 9.14%, while after the treatment the egg sterility gradually increased over 5 times during the applications, from 56.27 to 93.25%. Mean egg sterility in the control area was 29.57%. Egg sterility indoor before the application of SIT was 12.04%, whereas after 5 times treatment gradually increased from 37.26 to 96.09 %. Mean sterility of eggs in the control area was 35.27%. Aedes aegypti population in the environment reduced into 15.89-15.95%. Results showed that 5 times SIT applications resulted of Ae.aegypti eggs sterility indoor and outdoor was 96.09% and 93.25% respectively and the Ae.aegypti population in the environment was reduced 15.89-15.95%Keywords: Sterile insect technique, sterility eggs, Ae.aegyptiAbstrakTeknik Serangga Mandul (TSM) merupakan teknik pengendalian vektor ramah lingkungan dan spesifik target. Resistensi vektor terhadap insektisida mendorong dikembangkan TSM guna mengurangi populasi. Indikator dan parameter penurunan dapat diukur dari persentase telur steril. Telur steril merupakan merupakan telur yang tidak mengandung embrio dan biasa disebut telur mandul. Penelitian untuk mengetahuipengaruh aplikasi TSM terhadap peningkatan telur mandul dan penurunan populasi Ae. aegypti,telah dilakukan di daerah pemukiman penduduk kota Salatiga pada tahun 2012. Pelepasan Ae. aegypti jantan mandul dilakukan sebanyak lima kali, satu minggu sekali. Dilepaskan sebanyak 45 ekor Ae. aegypti jantan mandul tiap rumah. Ae. aegypti jantan mandul diiradiasi menggunakan sinar gamma cobalt-60 (70 Gy) dan dilakukan diBATAN Jakarta. Parameter diukur adalah telur mandul di dalam dan luar rumah sebelum dan sesudah aplikasiTSM menggunakan perangkap telur (ovitrap). Telur mandul dihasilkan di luar rumah sebelum aplikasi di daerah perlakuan adalah 9,14%, sedangkan kemandulan di daerah perlakuan secara bertahap meningkat selama 5 kali aplikasi yaitu56,27 – 93,25%. Rerata telur mandul di daerah pembanding adalah 29,57%. Telur mandul di dalam rumah sebelum aplikasi TSM adalah 12,04%, sedangkan dalam 5 kali pelepasan secara bertahap meningkat dari 37,26 - 96,09%. Rerata telur mandul di daerah pembanding adalah 35,27%. Populasi Ae.aegypti di alam menjadi 15,89-15,95%. Hasilpenelitian menunjukkan bahwa 5 kali aplikasi TSM sterilitas telur Ae.aegypti di dalam dan di luar rumah adalah 96,09% dan 93,25%. Populasi Ae.aegypti di alam menjadi 15,89-15,95%Kata kunci: Teknik Serangga Mandul, telur mandul, Ae. aegypti