Situasi Terkini Daerah Fokus Keong Hospes Perantara di Daerah Endemis Schistosomiasis di Sulawesi Tengah

Date
2017
Author
Widjaja, Junus; Balai Litbang P2B2 Donggala
Anastasis, Hayani; Balai Litbang P2B2 Donggala
Nurwidayati, Anis; Balai Litbang P2B2 Donggala
Nurjana, Made Agus; Balai Litbang P2B2 Donggala
mujiyanto, Mujiyanto; Balai Litbang P2B2 Donggala
Maksud, Malonda; Balai Litbang P2B2 Donggala
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Abstract
AbstractSchistosomiasis is only found in three areas of Indonesia, namely, Napu, Lindu, and Bada highlands. Napu and Bada highlands are located in Poso District whereas Lindu highland is located in Sigi District. The presence of snails is as an indicator for determining the focus areas of intermediate host of the worm. The purpose of this study was to determine the distribution of snail focus areas of schistosomiasis in 2017 by conducting habitats and snail survey. The result showed that there were 242 foci areas of O.hupensis lindoensis in 21 villages covering a total of 1,407,225 m2 marshland area. This indicates that there is a slight reduction in the number of focus in 2017 compared to the previous year. In order to eliminate schistosomiasis in the endemic areas, a multi sectoral collaborations to modify the environment is very essential. Elimination can only be succesful if the snails and their intermediate host can be eliminated by environmental management, as to converse the snail habitats into more productive agricultural area. These data can be used as updated baseline data to eliminate the snail intermediate host. Moreover, the community involvement is needed to ensure the sustainability of the schistosomiasis control program.Key words: Schistosomiasis, snail focus area, Oncomelania hupensis lindoensis, Central SulawesiAbstrakSchistosomiasis di Indonesia hanya ditemukan di Dataran Tinggi Napu dan Dataran Tinggi Bada, Kabupaten Poso serta Dataran Tinggi Lindu, Kabupaten Sigi Provinsi Sulawesi Tengah. Keberadaan keong ini merupakan indikator penetapan daerah fokus hospes perantara cacing tersebut. Tujuan survei dengan desain potong lintang pada tahun 2017 ini adalah untuk mengetahui distribusi daerah fokus keong dan keongnya di daerah endemis.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ditemukan 242 daerah fokus keong O.hupensis lindoensis yang tersebar di 21 desa dengan luas daerah fokus schistosomiasis sebesar 1.407.225m2. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian disimpulkan bahwa ditemukan penurunan jumlah fokus keong jika dibandingkan jumlah fokus tahun sebelumnya. Untuk mencapai eliminasi schistosomiasis di daerah endemis kerjasama lintas sektor secara terintegrasi dalam modifikasi lingkungan sangatdiperlukan, dengan mengubah habitat keong menjadi lahan pertanian/perkebunan yang produktif Data yang dihasilkan dapat digunakan sebagai dasar dalam pengendalian keong perantara schistosomiasis. Partisipasi masyarakat sangat dibutuhkan untuk menjamin program pengendalian schistosomiasis bisa dilaksanakan secara berkesinambungan.Kata kunci: Schistosomiasis, fokus hospes perantara, Oncomelania hupensis lindoensis, Sulawesi Tengah.
URI
http://ejournal.litbang.depkes.go.id/index.php/BPK/article/downloadSuppFile/7570/18295 http://ejournal.litbang.depkes.go.id/index.php/BPK/article/view/7570
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