Abstract

AbstrakLatar belakang: Faktor lingkungan mempengaruhi kejadian Demam Berdarah Dengue (DBD). Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengidentifi kasi faktor-faktor lingkungan yang berkaitan dengan status endemisitas DBDdi Gunungkidul.Metode: Data dikumpulkan dengan studi potong lintang pada bulan Oktober-Desember 2010. Sampel rumah dipilih dengan multistage sampling. Sampel penelitian terdiri dari 155 rumah masing-masing daerah sporadic dan non-aporadik DBD. Data yang dilakukan dengan observasi langsung meliputi tipe rumah, jarak antar rumah, tinggi tanaman, luas tanaman, dan rimbunan tanaman. Risiko relatif (RR) diperhitungkan menggunakan Stata 9.Hasil: Rimbunan tanaman, tipe rumah, dan jarak antar rumah merupakan tiga faktor lingkungan dominan terhadap status endemisitas DBD. Jika dibandingkan daerah dengan area dengan rimbunan tanaman yangjarang, daerah dengan rimbunan tanaman sinambung merata memiliki risiko 2,5 kali menjadi endemis DBD [95% interval kepercayaan (CI) = 1.95-3.13]. Selanjutnya, area dengan jarak antara rumah yang sangatdekat dibandingkan dengan jarak antar rumah 10 m atau lebih memiliki risiko lebih tinggi menjadi daerah endemik.Kesimpulan: Semakin rimbun tanaman di sekitar rumah dan semakin dekat jarak antara rumah mempertinggi risiko status endemik DBD. (Health Science Indones 2012;1:27-30)Kata kunci: status endemisitas, DBD, lingkungan AbstrackBackground: Epidemiologically, environmental factors also affect the incidence of Dengue Haemorrhagic Fever (DHF). The purpose of this study was to identify environmental factors related to the endemicity statusof DHF in district of Gunungkidul, Yogyakarta.Methods: A cross sectional study has been done in endemic and sporadic area. Collected data conducted in October-December 2010. Samples of house were selected by multistage sampling. Samples of this study consisted of 155 houses of each area. Data collected by observation survey. The data were house type, distance between houses, plants height, plants area, and hedge plants. Relative risk (RR) was estimated using STATA 9 software.Results: Our fi nal model suggested that there were three risk factors (hedge plants, house type, and distance between the houses) were dominant risk factors for endemicity status of DHF. Compared with rare hedge plants area, area with hedge plants evenly continuous had 2.5 times risk to be endemic DHF [adjusted relative risk (RR) = 2.47; 95% confi dence interval (CI) = 1.95-3.13]. In term of house type, compared with temporary housing, semi-permanent as well as permanent houses were less risk to be endemic DHF area. In addition, compared with the area with distant between houses (10 m or more), the area with medium, near, as well as very near distant between houses had higher risk to be endemic area.Conclusion: More continuous hedge plants, and the closer the distance between the houses, increasing the risk of endemicity status of DHF. (Health Science Indones 2012;1:27-30)