Abstract

Nyamuk Aedes aegypti adalah vektor penyakit Demam Berdarah Dengue (DBD) yang merupakan masalah kesehatan yang penting di Indonesia. Marigold (T. erecta L.) jenis tanaman yang populer di masyarakat dan banyak digunakan sebagai obat tradisional serta sebagai tanaman pengusir nyamuk. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menilai daya proteksi ekstrak etanol daun marigold sebagai repelen terhadap nyamuk Ae. aegypti. Tanaman marigold (T. erecta L.) diperoleh dari kebun petani di Desa Kerinjing Kota Pagaralam, Provinsi Sumatera Selatan. Proses ekstraksi dilakukan di Laboratorium Farmasi dan Laboratorium Genetika Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam Universitas Sriwijaya pada bulan Juni 2016 dengan cara maserasi menggunakan pelarut etanol 70%. Uji daya proteksi nyamuk dilakukan di Laboratorium Entomologi Loka Litbang P2B2 Baturaja pada bulan Agustus-Oktober 2016. Repelen dibuat dengan campuran cleansing milk sebagai pengencer dengan konsentrasi 25%, 30%, 35%, 40%, dan 45%. Metode pengujian repelen mengacu pada WHOPES 2009 dengan modifikasi. Hasil uji fitokimia menggunakan metode uji warna terhadap ekstrak daun marigold berhasil mengidentifikasi senyawa alkaloid, flavonoid, saponin, dan tanin. Hasil pengujian daya proteksi menunjukkan bahwa losion ekstrak daun marigold tidak efektif sebagai repelen terhadap nyamuk Ae. aegypti dengan daya proteksi diatas 90% hanya bertahan selama dua jam setelah pengolesan, yaitu pada konsentrasi 30%. Kata kunci: ekstrak daun, marigold, repelen, demam berdarah dengue, Aedes aegypti   ABSTRACT Aedes aegypti is vector of Dengue Hemorrhagic fever (DHF) which still considered as important health problem in Indonesia. The marigold (T. erecta L.) is a well-known plant in the community and widely used as traditional medicines and repellent mosquitoes plant. This study aims to assess the repellency effect of ethanol extract of marigold leaves againts Ae. aegypti. The marigold were obtained from the farmers’ garden in Kerinjing Village, Pagaralam, Sumatera Selatan Province. The extraction process was carried out in Pharmaceutical Laboratory and Genetics Laboratory Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Sriwijaya University in June 2016. Maceration process used solvent ethanol 70%. The repellency test was done in Entomology Laboratory of Loka Litbang P2B2 Baturaja in August to October 2016. The repellent was made with mixture of cleansing milk as diluent with concentration of 25%, 30%, 35%, 40%, and 45%. The method of repellent test was referred to WHOPES 2009 with modification. The phytochemical test showed that marigold leaf extract had compound of alkaloid, flavonoid, saponin, and tannin. The repellency test showed that the lotion of marigold leaf extract was ineffective as repellent againts Ae. aegypti with complete  protection above 90% after two hours aplication at concentration 30%. Keywords: leaf  extract, marigold, repellent, dengue hemorrhagic fever, Aedes aegypti