Abstract

Abstract.Entomology Survey of breeding site and biting activity malaria vector Anopheles spp were done at Tambrauw Regency in two villages, Bikar and Kwor. Both selected villages were having high malaria cases during the past year. The purpose of this study was to describe the habitat and biting activity of vector Anopheles spp in Tambrauw Regency. The results showed that larvae habitat characteristics found in the research location were water channel, semi-permanent ponds, truck tires footing and remaining excavation hole. Aquatic habitat characteristics i.e. salinity 0 ‰, water temperature range 27-28˚C, pH range 7,1-7,6 and water depth of breeding sites was 20-60 cm. Types of plants around the habitat were algae, moss, kale, and water hyacinth. The plants density were rather sparse. Anopheles spp found in the location were anthropophilic and endophagic, began actively biting at 19.00 to 20.00 WIT and reaching peak density at 23.00-24.00 WIT. In the area of forest land (Bikar village), average density of Anopheles spp indoor was 0,39 and outdoor was 0,33 mosquitoes per person per hour, whereas for coastal areas (Kwor village) we found density of Anopheles spp indoor was 0,14 and outdoors was 0,08/person/hour. Man biting rate was 0,13/person/night.Keywords: Anopheles spp, biting activity, breeding sitesAbstrak.Survey habitat dan aktifitas menggigit vektor malaria Anopheles spp di Kabupaten Tambrauw dilaksanakan di dua kampung, yaitu Kampung Bikar dan Kampung Kwor. Kedua desa yang dipilih mempunyai kasus malaria tinggi selama satu tahun terakhir. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui gambaran habitat dan aktifitas menggigit vektor Anopheles spp di Kabupaten Tambrauw. Hasil penelitian menunjukan karakteristik habitat jentik yang ditemukan di lokasi penelitian adalah saluran air, kolam semi permanen, bekas pijakan ban mobil truk dan bekas galian eskavator. Karateristik habitat yaitu salinitas perairan 0 ‰, suhu air habitat jentik 27-28 ˚C, dengan pH air normal 7,1 -7,6 dan kedalaman perairan 20-60 cm. Jenis tanaman di sekitar habitat yaitu algae, lumut, kangkung, enceng gondok dengan kerapatan tanaman agak jarang. Anopheles spp yang ditemukan di lokasi bersifat antrophofilik dan endofagik, mulai aktif menggigit pada pukul 19.00-20.00 WIT dan mencapai puncak kepadatan pukul 23.00-24.00 WIT malam hari. Di daerah daratan hutan (Kampung Bikar), di dapat rata-rata kepadatan Anopheles spp (An. punctulatus, An. koliensis dan An. farauti) orang per jam (MHD) di dalam rumah 0,39 nyamuk per orang per jam, sedangkan di luar rumah 0,33 nyamuk per orang per jam. Sedangkan untuk daerah pantai (Kampung Kwor) ditemukan Anopheles spp dengan tingkat kepadatan man hour density (MHD) di dalam rumah 0,14 per orang per jam, sedangkan MHD di luar rumah adalah 0,08 per orang per jam dan nilai Man biting rate (MBR) 0.13 per orang per malam.Kata kunci: Anopheles spp, aktivitas menggigit, habitat