Abstract

ABSTRACT Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) is transmitted through the bite of Aedes aegypti and Aede. albopictus. Until the end of 2013 DHF has spread in 438 regions (88%) of 497 districts/municipalities in Indonesia. Although the mortality rate is reported to decrease with Case Fatality Rate by 0.7% in 2013, the incidence rate is still quite high (41.25 per 100,000 population). The research was conducted in the provinces of South Sumatra, Central Java, Central Sulawesi and Papua. The purpose of this study was to find out the density of DHF vector mosquitoes by measuring the entomology indexes. The research design is cross sectional study with descriptive analysis. The entomology indexes were performed by larva surveys conducted in 100 homes and examined them according to WHO standards. Data on secondary DHF cases were collected from district health offices and provincial health offices. The results showed that the density of dengue  vectors in 2015 were still very high and the larvae free rates (ABJ) in all four provinces were less than 95%. These conditions would potentially lead to increase dengue cases. Increasing community participation in DHF vector control would be needed to overcome the problems. Keywords: DHF, vector density, entomology index, endemic area   ABSTRAK Demam Berdarah Dengue (DBD) ditularkan melalui gigitan nyamuk Aedes aegypti dan Ae. albopictus. Sampai dengan akhir tahun 2013, DBD telah menyebar di 438 wilayah (88%) dari 497 wilayah kabupaten/kota di Indonesia. Walaupun angka kematian dilaporkan semakin menurun dengan Case Fatality Rate sebesar 0,7% pada tahun 2013, akan tetapi angka insiden masih cukup tinggi (41,25 per 100.000 penduduk). Penelitian dilakukan di Provinsi Sumatera Selatan, Jawa Tengah, Sulawesi Tengah dan Papua. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui situasi kepadatan nyamuk vektor DBD dengan mengukur indeks entomologi (HI, BI, CI dan ABJ). Desain penelitian adalah studi potong lintang dan analisis data menggunakan analisis deskriptif. Indeks entomologi dilakukan dengan cara survei jentik  yang dilakukan di 100 rumah yang diperiksa sesuai standard dari WHO. Data kasus DBD dikumpulkan berupa data sekunder dari dinas kesehatan kabupaten dan dinas kesehatan provinsi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kepadatan vektor DBD wilayah riset khusus vektora 2015 masih sangat tinggi dan angka bebas jentik (ABJ) di keempat provinsi memiliki ABJ kurang dari 95%. Kondisi ini berpotensi meningkatkan kasus DBD. Perlu meningkatkan peran serta masyarakat dalam pengendalian vektor DBD. Kata kunci: DBD, kepadatan vektor, indeks entomologi, daerah endemis