Abstract. The World Health Organization (WHO) in its Annual Report on Global TB Control 2006 statesthat Indonesia was estimated to have the third highest number of TB cases after India and China. Tuberculosis (TB) was ranked number 2 in cause of mortality (7.5%) after Stroke from all cause of death inIndonesian based on the Basic Health Research 2007. Risk factors may influence the high number of TB in Indonesia are namelyenviromental factor (ventilation, household density), malnutrition, diabetic mellitus,and some diseases that decreasing human immunity. Smoking cigarette can increase theprogresity of lungTB and fibrosis. Some research found that people with DM would develop TB 20 times comparing people withouth DM. Therefore, the aim of this article is toanalyase factors influencing TB in Indonesia.This artcle uses Basic Health Research 2007 that consisting 280,000 household sample and 17,500 census block. Every household member aged 10 years and above was asked who ever diagnosed TB by healthprovider in the last year before the survey. By usingunivariate, bivariate andmulivariate analysis some risk factors influencing TB are found in Indonesia 2007. Based on the last model, diabetic mellitus is the mostvariable influencing TB in Indonesia followed by age, education, household economic status, smokingcigarette, household density and sex. Respondent with DM had TB 3.9 times (Odds ratio= 3.9, P=0.000 andCI 95%) compared to non DM; Respondent aged 55 years and above had TB 2.5 times Odds ratio= 2.5,P=0.000 and CI 95%) compared to aged below 35 years; Less educated respondent had TB 1.5 times (Oddsratio= 1.5, P=0.000 and CI 95%) compared to high educated respondent; respondent with smoking cigarettehad opportunity to have TB 1.3 times (Odds ratio= 1.3, P=0.000 and CI 95%) than respondent withoutsmoking. Also respondents living with dense household had TB 1.2 times (Odds ratio= 1.2, P=0.000 and CI 95%). Males hadoppotunity to have TB than females. It seems that many risk factors may influence TB inIndonesia, not only socio-economic issues but also life style. The government should focus on preventionby educating people how to live healthy life such asconsumming healthy food and not smoking.
