Abstract

Aedes aegypti L. adalah nyamuk vektor penyakit demam berdarah dengue (DBD), yang menularkan virus dengue. Upaya untuk mengendalikan vektor A. aegypti telah sering dilakukan, termasuk pengendalian kimia, fisik, dan dengan kontrol biologis. Multi level ekstraksi dengan maserasi kinetik telah dilakukan terhadap biji sirsak(Annona muricata L.) dengan pelarut n-heksana, etil asetat dan 70% etanol. Selanjutnya, ekstrak yang diperoleh diuji skrining fitokimia dan aktivitas larvasida terhadap A. aegypti. Hasil skrining fitokimia dari serbuk dan ekstrak etanol 70% biji sirsak diperoleh senyawa saponin, triterpenoid dan kumarin. Dalam ekstrak nheksana diperoleh triterpenoid dan di ekstrak etil asetat ditemukan triterpenoid dankumarin. Berdasarkan uji aktivitas terhadap larva A. aegypti dari ekstrak n-heksana, etil asetat dan etanol 70% biji sirsak secara berurutan, diperoleh nilai LC50 berturutturut sebesar 198.610 ppm, 74.798 ppm dan 67.042 ppm. Ekstrak biji sirsak yang memiliki aktivitas tertinggi adalah ekstrak etanol 70%. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa senyawa kimia yang ditemukan dalam biji sirsak memiliki potensi sebagai larvasida.AbstractAedes aegypti L. mosquitos are the disease vectors of dangue hemorrhagie fever (DHF), caused by dengue virus which is transmitted by Ae. Aegypti mosquito. The effort to control Ae. aegypti vector have been done in so many times, including chemical, physical, and biological control method. Multilevel extraction by kinetic maceration have been done with soursop seeds (Annona muricata L.) with the solvent of n-hexane, ethyl acetate and 70% of ethanol. Subsequently, the obtained extract is tested phytochemical screening along with the powder and larvicidal activity against Ae. aegypti. The results of phytochemical screening of the powder and  70% ethanol extract of soursop seeds have  obtained the compound of saponin, triterpenoid and coumarin. In the n-hexane extract have obtained triterpenoids and in ethyl acetate extract which is found triterpenoids and coumarin. Based on the activity test against the larva of Ae. aegypti from n-hexane extract, ethyl acetate and ethanol 70% of soursop seeds sequentially,  show LC50 values were about 198,610 ppm, 74,798 ppm and 67,042 ppm. Soursop seeds extract that has the highest activity is 70% ethanol extract. These indicate that the chemical compounds which is found in soursop seeds have a potential as a larvicides.